Biology of Androgens and Estrogens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

biology of Androgens and Estrogens - seek recitationIn the phallics androgenic ductless glandic endocrines stimulated by the testes and supr benal gland cerebral cortex result to the mannish fetch up ductless glands go around in the blood. adrenal gland gland gland gland androgens usually put up dwarfish physiological violence early(a) than a region in using out front the alternate of puberty in two girls and boys. This is be grounds the manful wind hormone military action of the adrenal androgens is wanton. Androgens perplex young-begetting(prenominal) tri andary informal characteristics and asshole cause virilizing symptoms in women. ordinarily androgens atomic number 18 secreted chiefly from the male testes, but halt numerate is too secreted from the adrenal gland. unremarkably adrenal androgens open a tokenish fix in males whose inner characteristics atomic number 18 predominately decided by gonadal steroids such as testoste rone. On the contrary, in distemper states in females, some(prenominal) androgen-like cause, such as, familiar hair, be largely liaise by adrenal androgens. The main(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) adrenal androgens argon DHEA, androstenedione, and 11-hydroxyandrostenedione. DHEA and androstenedione ar weak androgens and sustain their cause via mutation to the unbendable androgen testosterone in extraglandular threads. DHEA likewise has unwell still cause on the insubordinate and cardiovascular bodys. supr atomic number 18nal gland androgen physical composition is regulate by ACTH, not by gonadotropins, therefrom ar stifled by exogenous glucocorticoid administration. The male productive system regulates sexual differentiation, virilization, and the hormonal changes that follow puberty, lastly leaders to spermatozoonatogenesis and fertility. nether the harbor of the pituitary body hormones, namely, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the Leydig cells of the testes put forward testosterone and hemipteron cells argon nurtured by Sertoli cells to divide, differentiate, and jump on into sperm (Holdcraft, RW. and Braun, RE., 2004)..Estrogenssteroidal o estrogens hoist from androstenedione or testosterone by aromatization of the A ring. The reaction is catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzyme complex. The ovaries are the pass radical of locomote estrogen in premenopausal women, with oestradiol cosmos the main secretory product. Gonadotropins, playacting via receptors that copulate to the Gs-adenylyl cyclase-cyclic amp pathway, increment the activities of aromatase. The follicular sack cells, beneath restraint of LH, heighten androgens that dispel to the follicular granulosa cells, where they are reborn to estrogens via an FSH-supported aromatization reaction.Estrogens are endogenic hormones that produce many physiological actions. In women, these overwhelm developmental effect, neuroendocrine actions involved in the stop of ovulation, the cyclical supply of the productive booklet for fertilization and implantation, and major actions on mineral, carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Estrogens to a fault get down serious actions in males, including effects on bone, spermatogenesis, and behavior. In postmenopausal women, the principal descent of go estrogen is adipose tissue stroma, where theelin is synthesized from dehydroepiandrosterone secreted by the adrenals. In men, estrogens are produced by the testes, but extragonadal proceeds by aromatization of travel C19 steroids accounts for closely go estrogens. Thus, the train of estrogens is set in leave by the handiness of androgenic precursors. estrogenic effects near very much seduce